Guides
Generating electricity from renewable sources in CEE & SEE – 2026 edition
The transition towards renewable energy continues to reshape energy markets across Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe. Driven by ambitious decarbonisation targets, increasing energy security requirements and growing investment in renewable energy infrastructure, the region remains one of the most dynamic renewable energy markets in Europe.
The 2026 edition of the Wolf Theiss Guide to Generating Electricity from Renewable Sources in CEE & SEE provides a comprehensive overview of the legal and regulatory frameworks governing renewable electricity generation across 16 jurisdictions.
This latest edition reflects significant legislative and regulatory developments since the previous publication and introduces dedicated coverage of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS), one of the fastest-growing and most strategically important segments of the energy sector. As renewable generation continues to expand across the region, energy storage is becoming increasingly important for grid stability, project bankability and long-term energy security.
Designed as a practical resource for investors, developers, lenders, utilities and energy market participants, the guide provides a structured overview of the key legal, regulatory and commercial considerations relevant to renewable energy projects throughout the region.
Overview of developments and legislative changes
Over the last six years, following the adoption of increasingly ambitious energy and climate targets across Europe, substantial investment has continued to flow into renewable energy generation and storage projects throughout Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe.
The ongoing conflict in Ukraine continues to underscore the importance of energy security across the region. As countries seek to strengthen domestic energy production, reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and enhance the resilience of critical infrastructure, renewable energy investment has accelerated significantly since the publication of the previous edition of the Guide in 2024.
One of the most notable developments reflected in this edition is the rapid emergence of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). Falling technology costs, increasing market volatility and evolving regulatory frameworks have accelerated deployment across the region. As renewable generation capacity continues to grow, storage is becoming an essential component of modern electricity systems, supporting grid stability, flexibility and security of supply.
At the same time, policymakers across the region continue to modernise permitting procedures, expand support mechanisms, encourage market participation and facilitate greater integration with European energy markets. These developments are creating new opportunities for investors, developers, lenders, utilities and other market participants active in the renewable energy sector.
Expert insight
We are confident that ongoing developments in renewable energy generation and storage, together with continued technological progress and regulatory evolution, will drive further investment across the CEE/SEE region. The legal and regulatory frameworks governing renewable electricity generation therefore remain of significant interest to investors, developers and market participants active in this dynamic sector.
Bryan W. Jardine
Partner, Wolf Theiss
Interactive map
Use the interactive map below to navigate directly to the country chapters and explore the latest renewable energy developments across all 16 jurisdictions covered by the Guide.
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Prefer the full publication? Download the complete 2026 edition of the Wolf Theiss Guide to Generating Electricity from Renewable Sources in CEE & SEE.
| Country | Key development |
|---|---|
| Austria | ElWG reform, peer-to-peer trading and battery storage deployment |
| Bosnia & Herzegovina | Renewable energy communities and new auction schemes |
| Bulgaria | Over 5 GW of planned battery energy storage capacity |
| Croatia | Hydrogen development and the North Adriatic Hydrogen Valley |
| Czech Republic | Energy communities, energy storage and Lex OZE III |
| Hungary | Corporate PPAs, grid modernisation and energy storage |
| Kosovo | Energy communities and the MCC storage programme |
| Moldova | Guarantees of Origin and European market integration |
| Montenegro | 80% renewable electricity target and grid investments |
| North Macedonia | New Energy Law and mandatory storage requirements |
| Poland | Renewables increasingly reshaping a coal-based electricity sector |
| Romania | Contracts for Difference, flexible grid connections and storage |
| Serbia | Active customers, flexibility services and battery storage |
| Slovak Republic | Hydrogen, energy storage and corporate PPAs |
| Slovenia | Energy communities, RED III implementation and permitting reform |
| Ukraine | Energy resilience, decentralisation and reconstruction |
New in the 2026 edition: Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)
Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have become one of the most important developments in renewable energy markets across the region. This edition includes dedicated analysis of storage regulation, permitting, grid connection requirements, support schemes and market developments across all covered jurisdictions.
What each chapter covers
To facilitate cross-border comparison, all country chapters follow the same structure and address:
- Market overview and investment outlook
- Permitting and licensing requirements
- Grid connection
- Renewable energy support schemes
- Power purchase agreements (PPAs)
- Electricity storage and BESS
- Hydrogen developments
- Foreign direct investment screening
- Recent legislative developments
This consistent approach allows investors, project developers and lenders to compare jurisdictions efficiently and identify market-specific opportunities and risks.
Which countries are covered by the Guide?
The Guide covers Austria, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Kosovo, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Ukraine.
What topics are covered?
Each chapter provides an overview of permitting, licensing, support schemes, grid connection, PPAs, energy storage, hydrogen, foreign direct investment screening and recent legislative developments.
Who is the Guide for?
The Guide is designed for investors, project developers, utilities, financial institutions, infrastructure funds, energy traders, corporate offtakers and legal professionals involved in renewable energy projects across the region.
Can I download individual country chapters?
Yes. Each jurisdiction can be downloaded separately, allowing users to access the information most relevant to their projects and investments.
Austria
Austria continues to pursue some of the most ambitious renewable energy targets in Europe. Building on the Renewable Energy Expansion Act (Erneuerbaren-Ausbau-Gesetz – EAG), the country aims to significantly increase the share of renewable energy in gross final energy consumption while covering its national electricity demand predominantly through renewable sources. To achieve these objectives, Austria is investing heavily in the expansion of solar, wind, hydropower and other renewable generation technologies, while simultaneously modernising its electricity market and grid infrastructure.
A key development is the introduction of the new Electricity Industry Act (Elektrizitätswirtschaftsgesetz – ElWG), which represents one of the most significant reforms of the Austrian electricity market in recent years. The legislation introduces new market participants and concepts, including peer-to-peer electricity trading, joint energy use and enhanced opportunities for decentralised energy generation. Together with the continued growth of renewable energy communities, these reforms are expected to further accelerate the decentralisation of the energy system and increase consumer participation in the energy transition.
At the same time, battery energy storage systems (BESS) are becoming increasingly important for integrating growing volumes of renewable electricity and supporting grid stability. Hydrogen is also emerging as a strategic component of Austria’s long-term energy policy, particularly in the context of decarbonising industry and strengthening energy security.
This chapter provides an overview of the Austrian legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including permitting and licensing requirements, support schemes, grid connection, power purchase agreements (PPAs), battery energy storage systems (BESS), hydrogen developments, foreign direct investment screening and recent legislative developments.
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Bosnia & Herzegovina
Bosnia & Herzegovina is entering a new phase of its renewable energy transition, supported by significant natural resources, ongoing legislative reforms and increasing alignment with European energy policy objectives. The country benefits from substantial hydropower potential, of which only part is currently utilised, while also offering attractive opportunities for wind and solar energy development, particularly in the southern regions of the country.
A key milestone was the adoption and implementation of the new Law on Renewable Energy Sources and Efficient Cogeneration in the Federation of Bosnia & Herzegovina. Effective since May 2024, the legislation introduced a modernised support framework designed to facilitate renewable energy investment and further integrate the country into the European energy transition.
One of the most significant developments is the introduction of a new auction-based support system. Small-scale projects may benefit from feed-in tariff (FIT) auctions, while larger facilities compete through feed-in premium (FIP) auctions. At the same time, Bosnia & Herzegovina is developing secondary legislation governing prosumers, renewable energy communities and the operation of the RES support system.
The country is also preparing its first National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP), which will define future pathways for renewable energy deployment, energy efficiency and decarbonisation. Bosnia & Herzegovina’s current objective is to achieve a renewable energy share of 43.6% of gross final energy consumption by 2030.
This chapter provides an overview of the legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation in Bosnia & Herzegovina, including permitting and licensing requirements, support schemes, auctions, PPAs, grid connection and recent legislative developments.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria is entering a new phase of its renewable energy transition, supported by ambitious national targets, rapid growth in solar generation and significant investment in electricity storage infrastructure. Under its Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan, Bulgaria aims to achieve a renewable electricity share of 34.96% of final energy consumption by 2030 while adding an estimated 4–5 GW of new renewable generation capacity.
The Bulgarian renewable energy market has evolved considerably over the past decade. Following the transition from feed-in tariffs to a market-based support system, renewable electricity producers increasingly participate in the liberalised electricity market through the Bulgarian Independent Energy Exchange (IBEX). Recent legislative developments have further promoted long-term PPAs, guarantees of origin and greater participation by active consumers and renewable energy communities.
One of the most notable developments is the rapid expansion of battery energy storage systems (BESS). Bulgaria introduced a comprehensive regulatory framework for energy storage in 2023, recognising the growing importance of storage technologies for balancing the electricity system, improving grid flexibility and integrating increasing volumes of renewable generation. Projects currently scheduled for implementation during 2025 and 2026 are expected to exceed 5 GW of storage capacity, making Bulgaria one of the region’s most active storage markets.
At the same time, new accelerated permitting procedures and grid connection reforms are intended to facilitate renewable energy deployment and support further investment across the sector.
This chapter provides an overview of the Bulgarian legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including support mechanisms, guarantees of origin, PPAs, energy storage, grid connection and recent legislative developments.
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Croatia
Croatia continues to strengthen its position as one of the region’s most promising renewable energy markets, supported by favourable natural conditions, increasing investor interest and a steadily evolving regulatory framework. Solar and wind energy continue to attract significant investment, contributing to Croatia’s long-term decarbonisation objectives and broader European climate commitments.
In recent years, Croatia has continued to align its energy legislation with European regulatory developments while supporting the expansion of renewable electricity generation. The country is actively pursuing its renewable energy and energy security objectives through a combination of market reforms, infrastructure development and targeted policy initiatives designed to accelerate the energy transition.
A defining feature of the Croatian market is its growing focus on hydrogen. The Croatian Hydrogen Strategy establishes the framework for the development of hydrogen production, storage, transport and utilisation, positioning hydrogen as an important element of the country’s future energy system. Croatia is also a key participant in the North Adriatic Hydrogen Valley, a pioneering cross-border initiative involving Croatia, Slovenia and the Italian region of Friuli Venezia Giulia. The project aims to create an integrated hydrogen ecosystem spanning the entire value chain, from production and storage to industrial and transport applications.
These developments place Croatia among the most forward-looking renewable energy markets in the region and create new opportunities for investors, developers and energy-intensive industries seeking to participate in Europe’s emerging hydrogen economy.
This chapter provides an overview of the Croatian legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including permitting and licensing requirements, support schemes, hydrogen developments, grid connection, PPAs, energy storage and recent legislative developments.
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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is undergoing one of the most significant transformations of its energy sector in recent decades. Driven by the need to accelerate decarbonisation, strengthen energy security and modernise the electricity market, the country has introduced a series of legislative reforms aimed at supporting renewable energy deployment and increasing system flexibility.
A key milestone is the adoption of the Lex OZE legislative packages, culminating in Lex OZE III, which introduces a dedicated regulatory framework for energy storage, aggregation and flexibility services. The reform reflects the growing importance of battery energy storage systems in supporting grid stability and facilitating the integration of increasing volumes of renewable electricity generation. By establishing clearer market rules for storage operators and aggregators, the Czech Republic is creating new opportunities for investors and market participants.
Another significant development is the emergence of energy communities and collective energy sharing. Supported by the establishment of the Energy Data Centre, households, municipalities and businesses can increasingly participate in decentralised electricity generation and consumption models. These initiatives are expected to play an important role in the country’s transition towards a more decentralised and consumer-oriented energy system.
Together, these reforms demonstrate the Czech Republic’s commitment to building a modern, flexible and resilient electricity market capable of supporting long-term renewable energy growth while enhancing energy independence and market efficiency.
This chapter provides an overview of the Czech legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including permitting and licensing requirements, support schemes, energy communities, energy storage, aggregation, grid connection, PPAs and recent legislative developments.
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Hungary
Hungary has established itself as one of the region’s most active renewable energy markets, driven primarily by the rapid expansion of solar power generation and a growing emphasis on market-based renewable energy solutions. As renewable capacity continues to increase, policymakers and market participants are increasingly focused on system flexibility, storage solutions and long-term commercial arrangements that support further investment.
The Hungarian renewable energy sector has undergone significant development in recent years, supported by regulatory reforms and increasing demand for clean electricity from industrial and commercial consumers. In particular, corporate power purchase agreements (PPAs) have become an increasingly important instrument for financing renewable energy projects and securing long-term electricity supply. These agreements are helping to bridge the gap between renewable energy developers and large energy consumers seeking greater price stability and sustainability.
At the same time, energy storage is emerging as a critical component of Hungary’s energy transition. As the share of solar generation continues to grow, battery energy storage systems are expected to play an increasingly important role in balancing the electricity system, enhancing grid stability and supporting the integration of renewable energy sources.
Together, these developments are shaping a more flexible and market-oriented renewable energy sector, creating attractive opportunities for investors, developers and energy consumers.
This chapter provides an overview of the Hungarian legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including permitting and licensing requirements, support schemes, PPAs, energy storage, grid connection and recent legislative developments.
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Kosovo
Kosovo is continuing to modernise its energy sector through a combination of regulatory reform, renewable energy development and strategic investment in system flexibility. As the country seeks to diversify its electricity mix and strengthen energy security, renewable energy is expected to play an increasingly important role in the future energy landscape.
Recent legislative and policy developments have focused on aligning Kosovo’s energy framework with European standards while creating new opportunities for renewable energy investment. At the same time, the country is pursuing ambitious plans to increase renewable electricity generation capacity and reduce its reliance on conventional energy sources.
A particularly significant development is the growing focus on energy storage. Through programmes supported by international financial institutions, including the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC), Kosovo is investing in large-scale battery energy storage systems designed to improve grid stability, facilitate renewable energy integration and strengthen the resilience of the electricity system. In parallel, the regulatory framework is evolving to support greater consumer participation through renewable energy communities and other decentralised energy solutions.
These developments position Kosovo as an emerging renewable energy market with significant long-term growth potential and increasing opportunities for investors and developers.
This chapter provides an overview of the Kosovar legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including permitting and licensing requirements, support mechanisms, energy communities, energy storage, grid connection and recent legislative developments.
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Chapter provided in cooperation with:
Afrore Shaipi, Senior Counsel, Pallaska & Associates L.L.C.
Ariana Rexha, Associate, Pallaska & Associates L.L.C.
Moldova
Moldova is continuing to modernise its energy sector through comprehensive regulatory reforms, increasing integration with European energy markets and the expansion of renewable energy generation. As the country seeks to strengthen energy security and reduce dependence on imported energy sources, renewable electricity has become a key component of its long-term energy strategy.
A major focus of recent reforms has been the development of a transparent and market-oriented framework for renewable energy projects. Moldova has introduced competitive support mechanisms, including auction-based schemes for large renewable energy projects, while also supporting market-based routes to market through bilateral power purchase agreements and corporate PPAs. These developments are creating greater certainty for investors and facilitating the financing of new renewable energy capacity.
One of the most important developments is the introduction and further development of the system of Guarantees of Origin (GOs). By aligning with European certification standards and enabling the tracking of renewable electricity attributes, Moldova is strengthening market transparency and supporting cross-border integration. At the same time, ongoing reforms relating to balancing responsibilities, storage and grid flexibility are helping to create the conditions necessary for further renewable energy growth.
These developments position Moldova as an increasingly attractive renewable energy market and support its broader objective of integration with the European energy system.
This chapter provides an overview of the Moldovan legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including support schemes, Guarantees of Origin, grid connection, PPAs, balancing obligations, energy storage and recent legislative developments.
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Chapter provided in cooperation with:
Nicolina Țurcan, Senior Associate, ACI Partners Law Office
Emil Guțu, Competition Manager, ACI Partners Law Office
Montenegro
Montenegro continues to strengthen its position as one of the region’s most renewable energy-oriented markets. Benefiting from significant hydropower resources and increasing investment in solar and wind generation, the country is pursuing ambitious decarbonisation objectives while modernising its electricity infrastructure and regulatory framework.
Renewable energy plays a central role in Montenegro’s long-term energy strategy. The country has established ambitious targets for renewable electricity generation and continues to support the development of new renewable energy projects across multiple technologies. At the same time, policymakers are focusing on improving grid capacity and market integration to ensure that increasing volumes of renewable electricity can be efficiently accommodated within the energy system.
A particularly important development is Montenegro’s objective of achieving an electricity mix with approximately 80% renewable energy by 2028, supported by significant investments in transmission infrastructure and regional market integration. Grid modernisation projects and cross-border cooperation initiatives are expected to enhance system reliability, facilitate renewable energy integration and strengthen Montenegro’s role within the wider regional electricity market.
These developments create attractive opportunities for renewable energy developers, investors and infrastructure providers seeking exposure to one of Southeast Europe’s most ambitious energy transition programmes.
This chapter provides an overview of the Montenegrin legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including permitting and licensing requirements, support schemes, grid connection, market integration, energy storage and recent legislative developments.
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North Macedonia
North Macedonia is undertaking a significant transformation of its energy sector through comprehensive legislative reform, ambitious renewable energy targets and increased integration with European energy markets. The adoption of the new Energy Law in 2025 established a modern framework aligned with EU standards and introduced new mechanisms designed to accelerate renewable energy development and strengthen energy security.
A key innovation is the introduction of the Annual Plan for Construction of Energy Facilities, which provides a structured framework for the development of new energy projects and improves coordination between investors, government authorities and grid operators. The system aims to facilitate project implementation while supporting efficient network planning and integration of new renewable generation capacity.
The scale of planned investment is substantial. The Annual Plan for 2026 includes more than 4.4 GW of new electricity generation capacity, primarily from photovoltaic and wind projects. At the same time, the new Energy Law introduces mandatory electricity storage requirements for variable renewable energy facilities, reflecting the growing importance of system flexibility and grid stability. Significant investments in battery storage are expected to accompany the expansion of renewable generation capacity.
North Macedonia’s long-term energy strategy envisages increasing the share of renewable energy in final energy consumption to 35–40% by 2040 while further strengthening regional market integration, grid infrastructure and support mechanisms for renewable energy investment.
This chapter provides an overview of the legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation in North Macedonia, including permitting, support schemes, electricity storage, guarantees of origin, grid connection and market participation.
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Chapter provided in cooperation with:
Ana Minoska, Attorney-at-Law
Poland
Poland is undergoing a profound transformation of its energy sector as renewable energy assumes an increasingly important role within the country’s electricity mix. Historically reliant on coal generation, Poland is now witnessing rapid growth in renewable energy capacity, supported by regulatory reforms, technological advancements and significant investment activity.
The expansion of solar and wind energy has become a defining feature of the Polish market. Supported by auction systems, corporate power purchase agreements and growing demand for sustainable electricity, renewable energy projects continue to attract substantial domestic and international investment. These developments are contributing to a gradual shift in the structure of electricity generation and supporting Poland’s broader decarbonisation objectives.
One of the most notable developments is the increasing ability of renewable energy sources to compete directly with conventional generation technologies. As renewable capacity expands and market conditions evolve, renewable electricity is playing an increasingly prominent role within the Polish power sector. At the same time, policymakers continue to focus on grid development, energy storage and system flexibility to support the next phase of market growth.
Together, these developments position Poland as one of the largest and most dynamic renewable energy markets in Central and Eastern Europe, offering significant opportunities for investors, developers and energy-intensive industries.
This chapter provides an overview of the Polish legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including permitting and licensing requirements, support schemes, PPAs, energy storage, grid connection and recent legislative developments.
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Romania
Romania has emerged as one of the most dynamic renewable energy markets in Central and Eastern Europe, supported by ambitious decarbonisation objectives, significant renewable energy potential and a rapidly evolving regulatory framework. As investment activity continues to accelerate, the country is creating new opportunities across renewable generation, storage and electricity infrastructure.
A key development is the implementation of Romania’s Contracts for Difference (CfD) scheme, which is expected to play a central role in supporting new renewable energy projects and providing greater revenue certainty for investors. The CfD framework forms part of a broader effort to stimulate investment in renewable generation while strengthening long-term market stability and competitiveness.
Romania is also introducing innovative concepts such as flexible grid connection arrangements, helping to facilitate the integration of additional renewable generation capacity. At the same time, regulatory reforms are supporting the development of energy sharing models, collective prosumers and other mechanisms that encourage more active participation in the electricity market.
Battery energy storage systems are becoming an increasingly important component of Romania’s energy transition. Recent legislative changes have established a clearer framework for storage projects and created more favourable conditions for investment. Together with ongoing renewable energy expansion, these developments are positioning Romania as one of the region’s most attractive renewable energy investment destinations.
This chapter provides an overview of the Romanian legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including support schemes, CfDs, energy storage, grid connection, energy sharing, PPAs and recent legislative developments.
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Serbia
Serbia is entering a new phase of its energy transition, characterised by increasing renewable energy deployment, greater market participation and growing investment in system flexibility. As the country advances its long-term decarbonisation objectives, policymakers are introducing reforms designed to modernise the electricity market and support renewable energy integration.
One of the most significant developments is the introduction of new market concepts, including active customers, aggregators and flexibility services. These reforms are designed to create a more dynamic and decentralised electricity market while enabling consumers and businesses to participate more actively in electricity generation, consumption and balancing activities.
Serbia’s long-term Energy Sector Development Strategy envisages substantial investment across the energy sector as the country pursues its energy transition objectives. In parallel, battery energy storage systems are becoming increasingly important for ensuring grid stability and supporting the integration of renewable energy sources. A growing pipeline of storage projects reflects increasing investor interest in flexibility solutions and balancing services.
Together with continued renewable energy development and market reforms, these changes are helping to create a more resilient, flexible and investment-friendly electricity market. This chapter provides an overview of the Serbian legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including permitting and licensing requirements, support schemes, flexibility services, energy storage, PPAs, grid connection and recent legislative developments.
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Slovak Republic
The Slovak Republic is continuing to modernise its energy sector through a combination of renewable energy expansion, market reforms and increasing investment in innovative technologies. As the country advances its decarbonisation objectives, policymakers are creating new opportunities for renewable energy developers, industrial consumers and infrastructure investors.
Recent legislative developments include measures designed to accelerate renewable energy deployment and support long-term investment. Renewable Energy Acceleration Zones and the planned introduction of a Contracts for Difference (CfD) mechanism are expected to facilitate future renewable energy projects while improving investment certainty and project bankability.
At the same time, corporate power purchase agreements (PPAs) are becoming an increasingly important feature of the Slovak market, enabling renewable energy developers and large electricity consumers to secure long-term pricing arrangements. Alongside these developments, energy storage is assuming a greater role within the electricity system, supported by regulatory changes that facilitate participation in balancing markets.
Hydrogen is also emerging as an important component of Slovakia’s long-term energy strategy. A range of initiatives, including innovative storage and Power-to-Gas projects, demonstrate the country’s interest in developing new technologies capable of supporting decarbonisation and energy system flexibility.
This chapter provides an overview of the Slovak legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including support schemes, PPAs, energy storage, hydrogen developments, grid connection and recent legislative developments.
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Slovenia
Slovenia continues to strengthen its renewable energy sector through regulatory reforms, increased consumer participation and measures designed to accelerate renewable energy deployment. As the country works towards its national and European climate objectives, renewable energy is becoming an increasingly important component of the electricity system.
Recent legislative developments reflect Slovenia’s implementation of evolving European energy policies, including measures aimed at simplifying permitting procedures and supporting faster deployment of renewable energy projects. These reforms are intended to reduce administrative barriers and create a more favourable environment for investment in renewable electricity generation.
A particularly important development is the growing role of renewable energy communities and collective self-consumption. These models enable households, businesses and local communities to participate directly in renewable energy generation and consumption, supporting a more decentralised and consumer-focused electricity system.
As renewable generation continues to increase, energy storage, system flexibility and grid integration are becoming increasingly important. These developments are expected to play a key role in supporting further renewable energy growth while maintaining system reliability and efficiency.
This chapter provides an overview of the Slovenian legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including permitting and licensing requirements, energy communities, support schemes, energy storage, grid connection and recent legislative developments.
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Ukraine
Ukraine’s renewable energy sector is playing a crucial role in the country’s reconstruction and long-term economic recovery. Against the backdrop of ongoing challenges to critical infrastructure, renewable energy has become increasingly important for strengthening energy security, supporting decentralisation and enhancing the resilience of the electricity system.
Recent legislative and regulatory developments continue to align Ukraine’s energy framework with European standards while supporting investment in renewable energy generation and modern electricity infrastructure. These efforts form part of the country’s broader strategy of integration with European energy markets and long-term decarbonisation.
A key feature of the Ukrainian market is the growing emphasis on decentralised energy solutions. Distributed renewable energy projects, local generation capacity and flexible energy infrastructure are increasingly viewed as essential components of a resilient energy system. At the same time, investment in battery energy storage systems, grid modernisation and renewable electricity generation is expected to play a central role in supporting future economic recovery and energy independence.
These developments create significant long-term opportunities for investors and market participants seeking to contribute to the reconstruction and transformation of Ukraine’s energy sector.
This chapter provides an overview of the Ukrainian legal and regulatory framework governing renewable electricity generation, including support schemes, energy storage, grid connection, market developments and recent legislative changes.
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